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**What Does the Word "Church" Truly Mean According to the Bible?
**Introduction: Common Misconceptions**
When many people think of a "church," they typically envision a building used for worship, a broad group of people who believe in Christ, or an organized institution like the Church of England or the Catholic Church. While these ideas touch on aspects of the concept, the Bible provides a more precise and profound definition. The word appears approximately 115 times in the New Testament, indicating its central importance to the gospel.
**The Original Greek Meaning: *Ecclesia***
The English word "church" translates the New Testament Greek word ***ecclesia***. This word is a compound of *ek*, meaning "out of," and *kaleo*, meaning "to call." Therefore, its literal meaning is "a calling out." More specifically, it describes an assembly of people called out from their homes into a public place for the purpose of worship. This foundational idea shapes the entire biblical understanding of what a church is.
**A Biblical Precedent: The Church in the Wilderness**
The term *ecclesia* is not exclusively a New Testament concept. In Acts 7:38, Stephen, under inspiration, refers to the nation of Israel assembled at Mount Sinai to receive God's law as "the congregation in the wilderness." The Greek word translated "congregation" here is *ecclesia*. This shows that a biblical "church" is a called-out community gathered for the purpose of listening to God's word and worshipping Him together—a pattern established long before the Christian era.
**The Practice of the Early Church: A Blueprint from Acts 2**
Acts Chapter 2 provides a detailed snapshot of the first Christian *ecclesia* in action, following Peter's preaching. The practices of these early believers form a blueprint:
1. **Acceptance of the Gospel:** They "gladly received his word" (Acts 2:41).
2. **Baptism:** In response to believing the gospel, they were baptized, representing identification with the death and resurrection of Jesus (Acts 2:41).
3. **Devotion to Doctrine:** They "continued steadfastly in the apostles’ doctrine," dedicating themselves to the teachings (Acts 2:42).
4. **Fellowship:** They shared a common life and purpose (Acts 2:42).
5. **Breaking of Bread:** They regularly shared the memorial of Jesus' sacrifice, as he instituted (Acts 2:42, 46).
6. **Prayer:** They prayed together (Acts 2:42).
7. **Mutual Care:** They had "all things in common," selling possessions to support any in need, reflecting the shared life of Israel in the wilderness (Acts 2:44-45).
8. **Unity and Worship:** They met "with one accord," both in public places like the temple and in homes, sharing meals and praising God together (Acts 2:46-47).
This community, defined by these practices, is the *ecclesia*.
**The Foundation: Purchased by God**
The church is not a human invention. In Acts 20:28, it is called "the church of God, which He purchased with His own blood"—a reference to the sacrifice of His Son. This connects directly to the gospel promise in John 3:16: "For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son." The church, therefore, is a community founded upon and redeemed by the sacrificial work of Jesus Christ. Their shared hope of salvation through him is what unites them.
**The Place: Church in a House, Not a Building**
The New Testament consistently de-emphasizes special buildings. The *ecclesia* is the people, not the place. Scriptures point to believers gathering in homes:
* Romans 16:3-5 sends greetings to "the church that is in [the] house" of Priscilla and Aquila.
* Similarly, Philemon hosted a church in his home.
While there were identifiable local churches in cities like Jerusalem (Acts 11:22) and Antioch (Acts 11:26), the physical structure was not what defined them. The biblical pattern is of communities gathering, often simply, to perform the acts of worship and fellowship we see in Acts 2.
**The Scope: Local and Global**
The church has both a local and a universal aspect. Believers formed distinct local *ecclesias* in cities like Corinth, Ephesus, and Rome. However, these communities were spiritually connected. As 1 Corinthians 1:2 indicates, Paul wrote to "the church of God which is at Corinth," alongside "all who in every place call on the name of Jesus Christ our Lord." Local churches were part of a global fellowship of believers united by the same faith and purpose.
**The Metaphor: The Church as a Body**
A key metaphor for understanding the church is that of a human body. Romans 12:4-5 explains: "For as we have many members in one body… so we, being many, are one body in Christ, and individually members of one another." Each believer has a different function, but all are essential parts of a single, unified entity.
**The Head of the Body: Christ's Authority**
The body metaphor is completed in Ephesians, which reveals Christ's role. God has exalted Christ as "head over all things to the church, which is His body" (Ephesians 1:22-23). Jesus Christ is the guiding and ruling head; the church is the body that carries out his will. Together, they fulfill the purpose of God.
**The Bond of the Body: Love and Edification**
Ephesians 4:15-16 explains how this body functions healthily. It grows when every part works properly, "joined and knit together by what every joint supplies." The crucial element is the "joint"—that which connects the members. This connecting joint is **love**. Christ-like love, demonstrated through practical care, fellowship, and edification (building each other up), is the glue that holds the *ecclesia* together and enables its growth.
**Conclusion: How to Be Part of a Biblical Church**
To be part of a biblical church (*ecclesia*) is not about attending a particular building or institution. According to the pattern of Scripture, it involves:
1. Understanding and gladly receiving the gospel of Jesus Christ.
2. Being baptized into Christ.
3. Devoting oneself to the apostles' teachings.
4. Joining a community of fellow believers to share in fellowship, the breaking of bread, prayer, mutual support, and worship—all bound together by love.
The church is the called-out body of believers, purchased by Christ, with him as its head, working together in love to glorify God and proclaim the hope of the gospel.
[We are a Christadelphian team dedicated to providing outstanding, scriptural content to encourage and build up your faith. If you found this presentation insightful, please share it with others.]
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